Bureaucratic Innovation in the Smart City Era: An Analysis of the Implementation of the Electronic Based Government System (SPBE)
Ade Fahmi, Decky Perdanaputra, Siti Komaria
Abstract
This study explores the implementation of the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) as a form of bureaucratic innovation in the context of smart city development in Indonesia. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the research was conducted in three local governments selected based on their engagement with SPBE initiatives and urban governance programs. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and direct observation to examine how SPBE is institutionalized, integrated, and experienced at the local level. The findings reveal considerable variation in implementation success, influenced by leadership commitment, digital infrastructure, human resource capabilities, and inter-agency coordination. While some regions have demonstrated effective innovation in aligning SPBE with smart governance goals, others face persistent challenges such as bureaucratic inertia, lack of digital literacy, and fragmented systems. This study concludes that bureaucratic innovation through SPBE requires not only technological advancement but also cultural, organizational, and regulatory transformation. The research contributes to the discourse on digital government by highlighting the importance of local context, institutional readiness, and strategic leadership in realizing effective smart city governance.
Keywords
bureaucratic innovation; smart city; SPBE; e-government; local government; digital transformation
References
Albino, V., Berardi, U., & Dangelico, R. M. (2015). Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2014.942092
Borins, S. (2014). The persistence of innovation in government. Brookings Institution Press.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Gil-Garcia, J. R., Helbig, N., & Ojo, A. (2016). Being smart: Emerging technologies and innovation in the public sector. Government Information Quarterly, 31(1), I–VIII. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2015.11.001
Kementerian PANRB. (2021). Pedoman Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE). Jakarta: Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi Republik Indonesia.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE Publications.
Meijer, A., & BolÃvar, M. P. R. (2016). Governing the smart city: A review of the literature on smart urban governance. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82(2), 392–408. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852314564308
Mergel, I., Edelmann, N., & Haug, N. (2019). Defining digital transformation: Results from expert interviews. Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), 101385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.06.002
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Nam, T., & Pardo, T. A. (2011). Conceptualizing smart city with dimensions of technology, people, and institutions. In Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Digital Government Research Conference: Digital Government Innovation in Challenging Times (pp. 282–291). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2037556.2037602
Setiawan, F., & Prakoso, A. (2022). Implementasi SPBE dan tantangan birokrasi digital di pemerintah daerah. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 19(1), 55–67.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24967/jshs.v6i2.4300
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Ade Fahmi, Decky Perdanaputra, Siti KomariaAbstract
Keywords
References
Albino, V., Berardi, U., & Dangelico, R. M. (2015). Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2014.942092
Borins, S. (2014). The persistence of innovation in government. Brookings Institution Press.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Gil-Garcia, J. R., Helbig, N., & Ojo, A. (2016). Being smart: Emerging technologies and innovation in the public sector. Government Information Quarterly, 31(1), I–VIII. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2015.11.001
Kementerian PANRB. (2021). Pedoman Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE). Jakarta: Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi Republik Indonesia.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE Publications.
Meijer, A., & BolÃvar, M. P. R. (2016). Governing the smart city: A review of the literature on smart urban governance. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82(2), 392–408. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852314564308
Mergel, I., Edelmann, N., & Haug, N. (2019). Defining digital transformation: Results from expert interviews. Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), 101385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.06.002
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Nam, T., & Pardo, T. A. (2011). Conceptualizing smart city with dimensions of technology, people, and institutions. In Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Digital Government Research Conference: Digital Government Innovation in Challenging Times (pp. 282–291). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2037556.2037602
Setiawan, F., & Prakoso, A. (2022). Implementasi SPBE dan tantangan birokrasi digital di pemerintah daerah. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 19(1), 55–67.
Jurnal Sosial dan Humanis Sains is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License